VPN technologies such as IPsec, IKEv2, L2TP, SSL VPN, OpenVPN, and SSH tunnels each depend on specific ports to establish secure connections. This dataset explains the critical communication paths that support remote access, site-to-site VPNs, and zero-trust tunnels.
This reference helps engineers troubleshoot tunnel negotiation issues, design redundant paths, harden remote access solutions, and verify compliance with security policies.
| Port | Protocol | Service | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| 500 | UDP | IKEv2 | IPsec key exchange |
| 4500 | UDP | NAT-T | IPsec through NAT |
| 1701 | UDP | L2TP | VPN tunneling (with IPsec) |
| 1194 | UDP | OpenVPN | Default OpenVPN port |
| 443 | TCP | SSL VPN | Common SSL-VPN tunnel |
| 22 | TCP | SSH VPN | SSH tunneling |
